What is Postponed VAT Accounting (PVA)?
Postponed VAT Accounting lets a UK VAT-registered business declare and recover import VAT on the same VAT Return, instead of paying it upfront at the time of import. It has been available since 1 January 2021 and you do not need any approval from HMRC to use it. Without PVA, you pay the import VAT in cash when the goods arrive and only get it back on a later return — so the cash is tied up in the meantime. With PVA, no import VAT leaves your business at the border; it is accounted for on the return.
PVA is a cashflow timing benefit, not a saving of the VAT itself. If the import VAT is fully recoverable, the amount you declare and the amount you reclaim cancel out on the same return.
Who is eligible?
To use PVA on the import you must:
- be registered for VAT in the UK;
- be importing goods into Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) from outside the UK;
- have a GB EORI number and include your VAT registration number on the import declaration.
You then choose, on the customs declaration, to account for import VAT on your VAT Return. Note that you cannot change how you account for import VAT once the declaration has been submitted, so the election has to be made up front by you or your freight agent.
How PVA shows on your VAT Return
Postponed import VAT is recorded across three boxes on the return:
| Box | What goes in it |
|---|---|
| Box 1 | VAT due in the period on imports accounted for through PVA (output VAT). |
| Box 4 | VAT reclaimed in the period on imports accounted for through PVA (input VAT, if recoverable). |
| Box 7 | Total value of all imported goods in the period, not including any VAT. |
You get the Box 1 and Box 4 figures from your monthly postponed import VAT statement (MPIVS) on HMRC’s Customs Declaration Service (CDS). You need to be subscribed to CDS to access it.
The cashflow benefit vs paying at the border
The size of the benefit is simply the import VAT you would otherwise have paid in cash at import. On a consignment worth £10,000 of goods with £800 of freight and 2.5% duty at the 20% standard rate, the import VAT is £2,214 — that is the cash PVA keeps in your business at the border each time, multiplied across the year by how often you import. The calculator above projects that annual figure for you.
Who should use this checker?
Importers, finance teams, ecommerce sellers and freight forwarders working out whether PVA is worth electing, how much working capital it frees up, and exactly which VAT-return boxes the import VAT lands in. It is built for UK VAT-registered businesses importing into Great Britain.
Frequently asked questions
Does PVA reduce how much VAT I pay?
No. PVA changes the timing, not the amount. You declare the import VAT in Box 1 and reclaim it in Box 4 of the same return, so if it is fully recoverable the net cost is nil — but the headline VAT amount is unchanged. The benefit is that no cash leaves at the border.
Do I need approval from HMRC to use PVA?
No approval is required. You choose to account for import VAT on your VAT Return when the import declaration is made. You do need to be UK VAT-registered and have a GB EORI number.
Where do the figures for the VAT Return come from?
From your monthly postponed import VAT statement (MPIVS) on the Customs Declaration Service. It shows the import VAT postponed in the previous month, which you use to complete Box 1 and Box 4.
What VAT rate should I enter?
The UK standard rate is 20%. Some goods are at the reduced rate of 5% or are zero-rated (0%). The duty rate depends on your commodity code. Both are inputs here — the tool does not look up tariffs.